Current and Voltage sources or power sources are the most essential elements in the circuit. They supply the necessary power to drive the other components in the circuit. The concept of current and voltage sources are really helpful for analysing the performance of the circuit. Let’s start with some basics-
Please note Diode, Transistor etc are also called active elements as they can amplify or rectify the ac power meaning they have a gain factor associated with them.
We replace the active elements(diode, transistor) by equivalent circuits consisting of current and voltage sources for analysing the performance of some electric circuits.
If the output of any source does not depend on circuit parameters, then these kinds of sources are called Independent Sources. There are two types of independent sources.
If the output voltage of any source is independent of current delivered by the source then the source is called Independent Voltage Source.
If the output current of any source is independent of voltage delivered by the source then the source is called Independent Current Source.
If the out current or voltage depends on the circuit parameters then these types of sources are called dependent or controlled sources.
Dependent sources are of four types-
If the output voltage of a source depends on the voltage elsewhere in the circuit then the source is called voltage-controlled voltage source.
In this case output current depends on the voltage elsewhere in the circuit elsewhere.
Here output voltage depends on the current elsewhere in the circuit.
In this case output current depends on the current elsewhere in the circuit.
There are also two types of sources- Ideal sources and real sources.
An ideal source is a source whose circuit output value is independent of current or voltage elsewhere in the circuit with respect to time. They are of two types- ideal current and voltage source.
Ideal voltage source produces voltage independent of current delivered by the source. In case of an ideal voltage source, the internal impedance must be zero. So, the voltage remains the same no matter what amount of current is drawn from the source.
Now, if the load resistance connected across it tends to zero, the load current tends to infinity.
Ideal Current source produces current independent of voltage delivered by the source. For an ideal current source, the internal impedance must be infinite.
Now, if the load resistance connected across it tends to be infinite, the load voltage must be infinite in order to maintain the current constant.
There is no ideal voltage source. In reality, every voltage source has a minimum amount of internal impedance. Thus the voltage is not always the same as the ideal one.
There is always a current rating on the voltage source available in the market. The current rating is the indicator for the maximum amount of current drawn from the source.
There is no existence of an ideal current source. The current differs at least in a small amount from the ideal current source.
Note:
power sources are the most essential elements in the circuit. They supply the necessary power to drive the other components in the circuit.
Active elements or components generally supply energy to the circuit. They do not need any external power to operate.
An ideal source is a source whose circuit output value is independent of current or voltage elsewhere in the circuit with respect to time.
If the out current or voltage depends on the circuit parameters then these types of sources are called dependent or controlled sources.
ধারণা (Concept) সাহিত্যের ক্ষেত্রে 1990 খ্রিস্টাব্দের শেষের দিকে অথবা 2000 খ্রীস্টাব্দের শুরুতে শিখণ নকশাটির ধারণার উল্লেখ পাওয়া যায়। শ্রেণীকক্ষে পাঠ…
Petroleum is the general term for all the natural hydrocarbons found in rocks. It consists of an…
The morphological characteristics are very useful to taxonomists for the diagnosis and classification of plants. With the progress of scientific…
Water is another name of life. Every living organism needs water to fulfil its biological needs and sustain its growth.…
Roots of most terrestrial plants form a symbiotic relationship with fugal form, these ubiquitous symbioses are popularly known as Mycorrhizal…
The term Transgenic plants refer to those plants which are developed by modern genetic engineering processes. An integrated application of…